Oomatshini bokusika iityhubhu zelaser benza okungaphezulu nje kokusika iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto ezimangalisayo kwaye badibanisa iinkqubo. Bakwasusa ukuphathwa kwezinto kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto ezigqityiweyo, okwenza ivenkile isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akupheleli apho. Ukwandisa imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali kuthetha ukuhlalutya ngononophelo imisebenzi yevenkile, ukuphonononga zonke iimpawu zomatshini ezikhoyo kunye neendlela, kunye nokuchaza umatshini ngokufanelekileyo.
Kunzima ukuyicinga into yokufikelela ekusikweni kweetyhubhu ngendlela efanelekileyo—nokuba izinto zokusebenza zingqukuva, zisikwere, zingxande, okanye azilingani—ngaphandle kweelaser. Iinkqubo zelaser zitshintshe inkqubo yokusika iityhubhu, ingakumbi malunga neemilo ezinzima. Umatshini onjalo ufuna utyalo-mali olukhulu lokuqala, ingakumbi ukuba usebenza ngeetyhubhu ezinkulu kwaye ungenisa oomatshini abazisebenzelayo kunye nezinye iiteknoloji ezintsha kwinkqubo yemveliso, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ucwangcise ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusika iityhubhu zelaser kubiza kancinci kwinkampani yakho.
Ekugqibeleni, kuya kufuneka uqwalasele izinto ezahlukeneyo ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuthenga i-umatshini wokusika ityhubhu yelaseruyilo lwemveliso, ukulula kwenkqubo, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye namaxesha okuphendula zezona zinto zibalulekileyo.
Iimpawu zemveliso
Ukusikwa kwelaser kunokuzinceda kuyilo lwemveliso entsha ngokupheleleyo. Uyilo olutsha nolunzima kulula ukulucubungula ngelaser kwaye lunokwenza imveliso ibe namandla kwaye ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi, idla ngokunciphisa ubunzima ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngamandla. Iilaser zetyhubhu zibalasele ekuxhaseni inkqubo yokuhlanganiswa kwetyhubhu. Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zokusika ngelaser ezivumela iiprofayili zetyhubhu ukuba zigotywe okanye zihlanganiswe ngokulula zinokwenza kube lula ukuwelda kunye nokudibanisa kwaye zincede ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso.
I-laser ivumela umqhubi ukuba asike imingxunya kunye neekhonto ngokuchanekileyo kwinqanaba elinye lokusebenza, esusa ukuphathwa kwenxalenye okuphindaphindiweyo kwiinkqubo ezisezantsi (jonga uMfanekiso 3). Kumzekelo omnye, ukwenza uqhagamshelo lwetyhubhu nge-laser endaweni yokusarha, ukugaya, ukubhola, ukususa i-burring, kunye nokuphathwa kwezinto ezinxulumene noko kunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa ngama-30 ekhulwini.
Ukuhlela okulula okuvela kumzobo woyilo oncediswa yikhompyutha kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlela inxalenye ngokukhawuleza yokusika nge-laser, nokuba yenzelwe ukuvelisa izinto ezincinci okanye iprototyping. Ayipheleli nje ekubeni i-tube laser icwangcise iindawo ngokukhawuleza, kodwa nexesha lokuseta lincinci, ngoko ke ungenza iindawo ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukunciphisa iindleko zempahla.
Ukufanisa uMatshini neZicelo
Emva kokubhala uluhlu lwamanyathelo akho aqhelekileyo okuvelisa, inyathelo lakho elilandelayo kukujonga kwakhona iimpawu ezikhoyo uze ugqibe ukuba zeziphi ezibalulekileyo.
Amandla Okusika. Khumbula ukuba uninzi lwee-laser zeetyhubhu zixhotyiswe ngee-resonators ezinika amandla okusika angama-2 KW ukuya kwi-4 kW. Oku kwanele ukusika ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo betyhubhu yentsimbi ethambileyo (5⁄16 intshi) kunye nobukhulu obuqhelekileyo betyhubhu ye-aluminium kunye nentsimbi (¼ in.) ngokufanelekileyo. Abenzi beempahla abasebenza nge-aluminium eninzi kunye nentsimbi engatyiwayo baya kufuna umatshini okwinqanaba eliphezulu lombane, ngelixa iinkampani ezisebenza ngentsimbi engatyiwayo yokukhanya zinokuphumelela ngentsimbi ekwinqanaba eliphantsi.
Umatshini wethu wokusika ityhubhu yelaser P3080 3000w wokucubungula iityhubhu e-Australia
Umthamo. Umthamo womatshini, odla ngokulinganiselwa kubunzima obuphezulu ngenyawo, yenye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe.
Iityhubhu ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo obuqhelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwiimitha ezingama-20 ukuya kwezingama-30 kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zibe nde. Umenzi wezixhobo zokuqala okanye umenzi wesivumelwano u-odola iityhubhu ngobukhulu obuqhelekileyo ukuze anciphise inkunkuma kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka acinge ngomatshini ohambelana nobukhulu bezinto eziqhelekileyo. Ukhetho luba nzima ngakumbi kwiivenkile zemisebenzi. Iityhubhu ezivela kwindawo yokugaya zihlala zi-24 ft. ubude kwiidayamitha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-6 in. kunye ne-30 ft. ubude kwiiprofayili ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 in. ububanzi. Kolu luhlu lobukhulu, ubunzima obuqhelekileyo benkqubo yelaser yetyhubhu bunokuba ziikhilogram ezingama-27 ngenyawo nganye ethe ngqo.
Umthwalo kunye nokuKhululwa kwezinto. Enye into ekukhetheni umatshini kukukwazi kwawo ukondla ngezinto eziluhlaza. Umatshini we-laser oqhelekileyo, osika iindawo eziqhelekileyo, usebenza ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba iinkqubo zokulayisha ngesandla azikwazi ukuqhubeka, ngoko ke oomatshini bokusika i-tube laser bahlala benomthwalo we-bundle loader, olayisha ii-bundles ezifikelela kwi-8,000 lbs zezinto kwimagazini. Umthwalo wohlula ii-tubes uze uzilayishe nganye nganye kumatshini. Umthwalo we-bundle loader unokuhambisa inani lee-buffer tubes kwimagazini ye-buffer ukunciphisa amaxesha okulayisha phakathi kwee-tubes ukuya kwimizuzwana eli-12. Ukutshintsha ukusuka kubungakanani be-tube enye ukuya kwenye kwenziwa lula yindlela ezenzekelayo ngaphakathi kwi-loader. Zonke izilungiso ezifunekayo kubungakanani be-tube entsha ziphathwa ngumlawuli.
Xa kufuneka kumiswe umsebenzi omkhulu wokuvelisa umsebenzi omncinci, kusabalulekile ukuba neendlela zokulayisha ngesandla. Umsebenzisi umisa umsebenzi wokuvelisa, alayishe ngesandla aze acubungule iityhubhu ukuze agqibezele umsebenzi omncinci, aze aqalise kwakhona umsebenzi wokuvelisa. Ukukhulula nako kuyadlala indima. Icala lokukhulula izixhobo zeetyhubhu ezigqityiweyo lidla ngokuba yi-10 ft. ubude kodwa linokwandiswa ukuze lilungele ubude beendawo ezigqityiweyo eziza kucutshungulwa.
Ukuchongwa komthungo kunye neMilo. Iityhubhu ezidityanisiweyo zisetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezenziweyo ngaphezu kweetyhubhu ezidityanisiweyo, kwaye umthungo we-weld unokuphazamisana nenkqubo yokusika i-laser kunye nokuhlanganiswa kokugqibela. Umatshini we-laser oxhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo uhlala unokufumanisa imithungo edityanisiweyo ngaphandle, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ukugqitywa kwetyhubhu kuyayifihla imithungo. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuva umthungo isebenzisa iikhamera ezimbini kunye nemithombo emibini yokukhanya ukujonga ngaphandle nangaphakathi kwetyhubhu ukuze ibone umthungo we-weld. Emva kokuba inkqubo yombono ifumanise umthungo we-weld, isoftware yomatshini kunye nenkqubo yolawulo zijikeleza ityhubhu ukuze kuncitshiswe impembelelo yomthungo we-weld kwimveliso egqityiweyo.
Uninzi lweenkqubo ze-laser zetyhubhu zinokusika iityhubhu ezijikelezileyo, ezisikwere, nezingxande, kunye neeprofayili ezifana neemilo ze-teardrop, i-angle iron, kunye ne-C-channel. Iiprofayili ezingafaniyo zinokuba nzima ukulayisha kunye nokubambelela ngokufanelekileyo, ngoko ke ikhamera ekhethiweyo exhotyiswe ngokukhanya okukhethekileyo ihlola ityhubhu ngexesha lenkqubo yokulayisha kwaye ilungise i-chuck ngokweprofayili efunyenweyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukulayishwa okuthembekileyo kunye nokusikwa kweeprofayili ezingafaniyo.
Intloko yokusika. Ukusika i-bevel kubalulekile ekudibaniseni iityhubhu zokusika kunye ukuze kudityaniswe. Ukusika i-bevel kufuna intloko yokusika ethambekele ukuya kuthi ga kwi-45 degrees kuyo nayiphi na indlela ngexesha lenkqubo yokusika. Ukuze kubekho ukhuseleko olongezelelekileyo lokucubungula ngexesha lenkqubo yokusika i-bevel enzima, intloko yokusika inokuqiniswa ziimagnethi. Kwimeko yokungqubana phakathi kwesixhobo somsebenzi esinetyhubhu kunye nentloko, intloko iyahlukana; inokudityaniswa kwakhona kwimizuzwana embalwa. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukudibanisa intloko yokusika i-bevel kunye ne-axis eyongezelelweyo yesantya esiphezulu ukuphucula ukukhawulezisa ukusika, okuvumela ukwanda kwemveliso yezixhobo kusondela kwi-30%.
Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle
Emva kokuchonga ixabiso elinokuziswa yinkqubo yokusika ityhubhu yelaser kwinkqubo yemveliso, kuya kufuneka ulungiselele ezo zixhobo zesicelo sakho. Umzekelo, ukungabikho kakhulu kwinkqubo yokulayisha kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kweendawo ezigqityiweyo, nto leyo enyusa ukulahla, ngelixa ukuba ixesha elide kakhulu kwenkqubo kuya kufuna utyalo-mali lokuqala oluphezulu kunye nendawo engaphezulu kunoko kufunekayo. Ukongeza ekufuneni iingcebiso kubavelisi beenkqubo, kuya kufuneka unqumle iindawo zesampulu kwaye uvavanye zonke iindlela ezikhoyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba utyalo-mali lwakho lufumana imbuyekezo engcono kakhulu.
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